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Medical Ethics

 

A writing and publishing platform for medical professionals

The Hippocratic Oath

Original Version of the Hippocratic Oath

I swear by Apollo, the healer, Asclepius, Hygieia, and Panacea, and I take to witness all the gods, all the goddesses, to keep according to my ability and my judgment, the following Oath and agreement:

To consider dear to me, as my parents, him who taught me this art; to live in common with him and, if necessary, to share my goods with him; to look upon his children as my own brothers, to teach them this art.   

I will prescribe regimens for the good of my patients according to my ability and my judgment and never do harm to anyone.  

I will not give a lethal drug to anyone if I am asked, nor will I advise such a plan; and similarly I will not give a woman a pessary to cause an abortion.   

But I will preserve the purity of my life and my arts.

I will not cut for stone, even for patients in whom the disease is manifest; I will leave this operation to be performed by practitioners, specialists in this art.

In every house where I come I will enter only for the good of my patients, keeping myself far from all intentional ill-doing and all seduction and especially from the pleasures of love with women or with men, be they free or slaves.  

All that may come to my knowledge in the exercise of my profession or in daily commerce with men, which ought not to be spread abroad, I will keep secret and will never reveal.

If I keep this oath faithfully, may I enjoy my life and practice my art, respected by all men and in all times; but if I swerve from it or violate it, may the reverse be my lot.

    Please note that all credits for this picture and text are attributed to:

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippocratic_Oath

    An Open Invitation To Medical Writers

    Lily

    Photography by Amazon Art Reproductions

    Copyright 2009 AD

     

    Welcome to the Medical Ethics web site!

    If you are a professional writer, seriously interested in the realm of medical ethics, your articles are important! Please note that all articles will be screened, in order to maintain the highest possible level of medical-ethical standards oriented to healing, health and happiness as well as wholeness of the body, soul, mind and spirit.   

    What is Medical Ethics?

    "Medical ethics is primarily a field of applied ethics, the study of moral values and judgments as they apply to medicine. As a scholarly discipline, medical ethics encompasses its practical application in clinical settings as well as work on its history, philosophy, theology and sociology.

    Medical ethics tends to be understood narrowly as an applied professional ethics, whereas bioethics appears to have worked more expansive concerns,touching upon the philosophy of science and the critique of biotechnology. Still, the two fields often overlap and the distinction is more a matter of style than professional consensus. Medical ethics shares many principles with other branches of healthcare ethics, such as nursing ethics." (1)

    Principles of medical ethics

    I. A physician shall be dedicated to providing competent medical care, with compassion and respect for human dignity and rights.

    II. A physician shall uphold the standards of professionalism, be honest in all professional interactions, and strive to report physicians deficient in character or competence, or engaging in fraud or deception, to appropriate entities.

    III. A physician shall respect the law and also recognize a responsibility to seek changes in those requirements which are contrary to the best interests of the patient.

    IV. A physician shall respect the rights of patients, colleagues, and other health professionals, and shall safeguard patient confidences and privacy within the constraints of the law.

    V. A physician shall continue to study, apply, and advance scientific knowledge, maintain a commitment to medical education, make relevant information available to patients, colleagues, and the public, obtain consultation, and use the talents of other health professionals when indicated.

    VI. A physician shall, in the provision of appropriate patient care, except in emergencies, be free to choose whom to serve, with whom to associate, and the environment in which to provide medical care.

    VII. A physician shall recognize a responsibility to participate in activities contributing to the improvement of the community and the betterment of public health.

    VIII. A physician shall, while caring for a patient, regard responsibility to the patient as paramount.

    IX. A physician shall support access to medical care for all people.

    Adopted by the AMA's House of Delegates June 17, 2001.

    (1) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_ethics.   

    What Are Medical Ethics All About?

      Debates On Medical Ethic Issues - Yes

      • Debate - Yes - Written by Casey Lyn - Facing a medical emergency can be a very difficult, emotional experience. Since most of us do not possess medical degrees, we trust the advice and intuition from an accredited doctor. The problem is that although medical science is advancing, knowing the most effective treatment for a specific individual is often times through trial and error. Since there are usually not concrete answers, doctors must have empathy in order to relate to their patients.
      • - Debate - Yes - Written by Olivia Bredbenner - If doctors are not empathetic it would be apparent to most of the patients in their care. However, you might need to know it is not what you'll see first when receiving care. Most physicians are both empathetic and objective during their physical assessment and treatment of patients. It is part of their bedside manner. Some doctors are better at this than others.
      • - Debate - Yes - Written by Reynold Conger - I suppose it is possible for a doctor to practice medicine with no emotional connection with his or her patients, but all of the good doctors have empathy for their patients. In many cases, the reason they went into medicine in the first place was out of a concern for hurting people suffering from disease. Watching my grandfather practice medicine, I understood why the best doctors are those with the most empathy.

      Welcome to this debate!

      Your opinion on medical-ethical issues of concern is important! 

      The Quest For Ethical Answers

      • Ethical problems in healthcare: Finding solutions
        - Written by Ernie Yap - Ethics are set of laws within the healthcare community of which guarantees its autonomy, of its ability to govern itself. Its existence is the more assuring advertisement billboard to the public of the integrity of the profession and that their sick are in good, reliable, compassionate hands. The existence of an ideal in a materialistic society is bound to sprout problems.
      • - Written by Helen Borel - So you're critically ill. Do you want a real M.D. at your ICU (Intensive Care Unit) bedside? Or will you settle for some doc in a room somewhere (maybe Alaska, maybe India) - like a telemarketer - watching a bunch of monitors and distance-gathering your signs, symptoms, oxygenation levels, lab results and pain levels without ever touching you or seeing you in-person? Well, like it or not, it's here!

      One voice has to be the first to speak out.  

      Faith And Medical Ethics

      • - Written by Kris Kennedy - Doctors and Religion Religious freedom is the right of every individual. If religion guides a person's life, they have a right and a responsibility to live that faith in a positive open method.

      "Physician, heal yourself."  

      Luke 4:23

      Featured Writer

      Olivia Bredbenner

       

      "The best and the most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen or even touched. They must be felt with the heart. " (Author unknown)

      Poetry: A writer's prayer

       

      Heavenly father I ask you
      Please if you have the time
      Take a look at the words I've written
      See if you like the rhyme

      Too often I've taken the credit
      For the thoughts you have given me
      It is you that has put them there
      Always been clear to see

      You gently placed your hands
      And let the right words flow
      Some I don't even recognize
      Others I don't even know

      Some are from deep inside of me
      Others have faded and died
      Some words have struggled hard to be
      feelings that wanted to hide

      I pray when all is said and done
      My words are written down
      In ways that are never harmful
      And bring smiles instead of frowns

      Amen

      http://www.helium.com/items/1134860-poetry-a-writers-prayer

        For articles and other poetry written by Olivia Bredbenner, please see the following web sites:    

         

        http://www.helium.com/zone/1626-healthcare-helium-caring-caregivers

         

        http://www.helium.com/users/217608/show_articles

        “Ethics is knowing the difference between what you have a right  to do and what is right to do ."

        Peter Steward

        Medical Ethics And Truth

        • - Lack of Knowledge Or Lack of Adequate Knowledge Regarding Natural Cures - Written by W. Diane Van Zwol - No - "Is the truth about natural cures being suppressed?" appears to be more a question about human knowledge regarding natural cures, than one about the suppression of the truth about natural cures. This issue also involves the partial or total lack of medical knowledge about natural cures or the lack of appropriate and pertinent medical knowledge about natural cures, more than the actual suppression of truth.
        • - Written by T. Giski - Yes - While I do not think it is appropriate to use ONLY holistic methods, I do believe that that benefits of homeopathic remedies and holistic approaches (including diet and exercise) are grossly under-valued in today's culture. It is very true that some patients benefit greatly from certain medications, and provide them greater quality and quantity of life. However, many diseases can also be treated by a patient's change in lifestyle or habits, or a combination of holistic and pharmaceutical means.
        • - Written by Gwen Luobser - No - I think this debate begs the question that there is some ultimate truth about natural cures in the first place. It is true that many, so-called natural cures are under some serious attack. However, this is entirely besides the point of how effective any given natural cure is. For most natural cures, that is an unknown. There are unethical people in the pharmaceutical industry and unethical people selling snake oil. The whole argument that this supposed truth is being suppressed rest on the failure to admit that both of these things can be true, simultaneously.
        • - Written by M. L. Kiser - Yes - Of course the truth about natural cures is being suppressed and the FDA would prefer that it remained that way. After all, they are the ones who are permitting the deadly hormones, chemicals, preservatives, poisoned toxins and steroids into our foods, shampoos, water, laundry detergents, lotions and more. Illness and disease is a big business today. If the ever-skyrocketing cost of prescriptions and surgeries doesn't convince you than maybe the following will. Pharmaceuticals aren't nearly as expensive to produce, as the pharmaceutical companies would have us to believe.

        Comments (1 to 6 of 6)

        Olivia Bredbenner
        Jun 25, 11 at 02:47 PM
        Di, Your zone is beautiful....the last post I made was in 2009. Thank you for posting my poetry and words.
        Olivia Bredbenner
        Oct 04, 09 at 10:43 PM
        Love the added articles " Is the truth about natural cures being suppressed ?" I am sure I will return here often..excellant content :)
        Olivia Bredbenner
        Sep 23, 09 at 11:50 PM
        Diane, Thank you for featuring me on your beautiful Zone. I'm glad you like my poem. Olivia
        Olivia Bredbenner
        Sep 19, 09 at 06:17 PM
        Looking good :)
        Barbara Whitlock
        Jul 29, 09 at 07:39 PM
        Fantastic! Send me a Link to my email so I can get this connected to the Med Professional Zone!
        Olivia Bredbenner
        Jul 28, 09 at 08:22 PM
        Di, Absolutely beautiful ! Your timiing is perfect ! :) Olivia

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        The Question Of Life And Death

        • - Written by Nickolaus Fedderman - Legalization of physician-assisted euthanasia across the country would simply provide loopholes for citizens to commit suicide and homicide, both of which are criminal acts.

        Life is sacred.

        More On Medical Ethics

        Medical ethics are concerned with moral questions raised by the practice of medicine and, more generally, by health care. Because of the increasing importance of health care to an aging population within a society wealthy enough to afford it, and because of the increased complexity of health care, and the reduced reliance upon tradition and authority in moral matters, debate over issues in medical ethics has grown more intense. Certain issues present particularly difficult ethical dilemmas.

        How much information is a patient entitled to receive before accepting or refusing treatment? Is a physician or other health provider ever permitted to deceive or withhold information from a patient? To what extent, if any, may a physician's personal moral or social beliefs influence his or her relationship with and advice to a patient? The Hippocratic oath, which is still administered in many (but not all) medical schools, omits any reference to a moral obligation on the part of physicians to be honest with their patients. Traditional medical ethics were paternalistic; information was given or withheld as doctors thought best. Since the beginning of the 20th century, however, courts in the US, Britain and Canada have ruled that a mentally competent adult patient is entitled to all information necessary to give informed consent to treatment. Nevertheless, ascertaining the true wishes of a patient may not always be easy, eg, the patient may be seriously ill, drugged, in pain, depressed or may be less than fully rational and competent. As a result, physicians are not necessarily released from the obligation of using their own judgement to determine, at least in the short run, what is best for the patient.

        http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1SEC824171

          Do you have moral-ethical medical questions?  

          Trends In Medical Practice

          • - Written by Olivia Bredbenner - To most of us who have worked in health care, it has been evident for many years that physicians have had to practice defensive medicine. This practice has knowingly proved costly yet has been expected by the lay population. The cost of malpractice insurance has become a burden to the many competent physicians that practice in good faith . There are times when their liability and settlements far exceeds realistic proportions.
          • - Written by E. Moore - Medical malpractice has sent the insurance rates doctors must pay in order to practice their beloved profession through the ceiling. Many have had to move to other lower insurance locations out of state in order to afford to keep working in their chosen fields. A few rotten apples does not spoil the whole barrel and neither does a few misfits in the medical profession taint all of them, but try to convince the insurance companies of that.
          • - Written by W. Diane Van Zwol - A Doctor's Professional Code Of Ethics Does Not Change - Ideally, how doctors have treated their patients should not have changed over the years. In other words, doctors have been expected to remain true to their professional code of ethics, regardless of any trends towards medical malpractice or other possible undesirable situations. Their code of ethics should not change in the future either.

          New trends continually take place in medicine.    

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          Resolution Of Ethical Dilemmas

          • - Written by Olivia Bredbenner - Health care is a business, and for those who are in the practice of medicine, and deliver health care, it can be a challenge as "the two can be in conflict at times." As said by Gregg Easterbrook, "an ethic of service is at war with a craving for gain." Therefore, a theory or system of moral values is at times, upstaged by the costly reality of its own implementation. Health care is now being challenged on the proper allocation of resources, bringing to the forefront, even more ethical questions. In the medical profession there are standards that govern the conduct of their members. For those that are employed in hospitals and other health care institutions, it is expected that they live by them. It is written into the Hippocratic Oath. And it is meant to be part of who they are.
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